Black is Definitely Back in Horror
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We’re living in a golden age of black horror films.
The movie Ma, which premieres on May 31, will star Academy Award winner Octavia Butler as Sue Ann, a lonely middle-age woman who clings to a group of teens to the point of obsession.
Ma comes on the heels of Jordan Peele’s critically acclaimed Us which is also led by an Academy Award winner, Lupita Nyong’o. And let’s not forget that Peele’s previous film, Get Out, won the Academy Award for best screenplay last year.
Black actors have always had a role in horror films. But something different is taking place today: the re-emergence of true black horror films.
Rather than simply including black characters, many of these films are created by blacks, star blacks or focus on black life and culture.
Objects of violence and ridicule
For most of film history, black actors have appeared in horror films in supporting roles. Many were deeply problematic.
In my 2011 book, Horror Noire: Blacks in American Horror Films from the 1890s to Present, I describe some of these tropes.
In the early 20th century, many films – horror or not – had white actors appearing in blackface. The characters could find themselves on the receiving end of especially horrific violence. For example, in 1904’s A Nigger in the Woodpile, a black couple’s home is firebombed and the pair staggers out, charred.
In the 1930s, there was a spate of horror films that took place in jungles, where blacks were depicted as primitive – sometimes indistinguishable from apes. A decade later, black characters started appearing in horror films as objects of ridicule. Actors like Willie Best and Mantan Moreland appeared as comic relief – characters for audiences to dismissively mock.
However, often these characters existed to support the survival of their white counterparts.
From placeholders to full participants
For a brief period, in the 1960s and 1970s, horror films began to treat blacks as whole and full subjects.
Many of these narratives centered on black culture and experiences. More often than not, blacks played the role of hero. For example, the 1972 film Blacula begins in 1780 and is an indictment of the slave trade and its lingering effects. In the 1974 film Sugar Hill, a black female protagonist named Sugar, with the help of her black zombie army, lays waste to a murderous white crime boss and his cronies.
Then there was Bill Gunn’s 1973 art-house horror film, Ganja & Hess. A gorgeous and deliberative treatise on race, class, mental illness and addiction, it won the Critics’ Choice prize at the Cannes Film Festival. However, no Hollywood studio was willing to distribute the film.
The classic of the era is George Romero’s 1968 Night of the Living Dead, which stars Duane Jones as Ben, a strong, complex black character who leads a group of whites during a zombie apocalypse. Confounding the clichéd trope of “the black guy dies first,” Ben is the lone survivor of the terrifying battle.
In a turn of realism, he emerges triumphant – only to be summarily shot down by a militia of white police and civilians. Ben’s death, which comes at the movie’s conclusion, is as unexpected as it is powerful. The scene demands that audiences consider who among us is truly monstrous.
Black is back
Jordan Peele’s films should be thought of as an homage to Night of the Living Dead and Ganja & Hess – films that have strong, complex black protagonists. In fact, Peele has noted that Ben’s fate in Night of the Living Dead, which was released as the U.S. mourned the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., weighed heavily on him when he wrote the ending of “Get Out.”
Peele’s character – unlike Ben – survives.
While Peele has shown that the genre can be a daring, unflinching examination of politics, class and race, the black horror renaissance has been brewing for some years.
Over the past two decades, Ernest Dickerson – who directed The Purge, Bones, Demon Knight, and episodes of The Walking Dead – and Rusty Cundieff, the director of Tales from the Hood and Tales from the Hood 2, have been stalwarts of the genre. They’ve paved the way for Peele, as well as newcomers such as Meosha Bean, Nikyatu Jusu and Deon Taylor.
The horror genre is maturing and becoming more imaginative and inclusive – in who can play hero and antihero, and who gets to be the monster and savior. The emergence of black horror films is just one chapter in a story that includes women taking on more prominent rolesin horror films, too.
It’s about time. As Jordan Peele noted in an interview in the documentary film Horror Noire, the fact that there had been “such a small handful of films led by black people” was, to him, “the horror itself.”
Watch the trailer to Ma below.
From a young age, we’re all taught to avoid talking to strangers as much as possible. You never know whose orbit you might be wandering into, after all. But then we get a little older, older but still young enough to become convinced of our own immortality, so we do reckless things like ask them to buy our liquor. Or agree to hang out with them at their own house. Or, if you’re the group of rowdy teens in the first trailer for Ma, become implicated in a terrifying stalker scenario.
In what could well be a masterstroke, Blumhouse’s latest feature Ma situates Octavia Spencer as one such stranger, a mysterious and solitary woman living in a small town. Initially, the local kids are just happy to have a place to escape, a nondescript basement where they can do anything they want, free from supervision. As long as they don’t go upstairs, anyway. Soon, as “Ma” begins to insinuate herself into the teenagers’ lives, they quickly realize that there’s more to the friendly stranger than meets the eye. It’ll be up to them, and to parents like Juliette Lewis and Luke Evans, to stop Ma from claiming their entire lives for herself.
Spencer’s performances have been so consistently full of humanity that it’ll be a treat to watch her cut loose as a horror antagonist, and Ma also reunites her with director Tate Taylor, who turned The Help into Spencer’s Oscar-winning calling card. (Taylor underwent his own recent transition into darker fare with The Girl on the Train.) Ma will arrive in theaters on May 31st, and you can check out the unsettling first trailer [above] in the meantime.
Author Robin R. Means Coleman is Vice President and Associate Provost for Diversity and Professor, Department of Communication at Texas A&M University.
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
